🎯 Cambridge IELTS Academic 18_ Writing Task 2_ Test 3,
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Statistics show that the world’s population is increasing rapidly. It is expected that most of us will be living in cities within the next few decades. The question of whether urbanisation is a positive or negative development remains controversial.
A rapid influx(C2:an arrival of large number of ppl) of people moving from rural to urban areas is bound to cause problems. Firstly, pressure on resources such as housing and transportation intensifies. It is becoming difficult for many people to afford adequate housing in cities. A by-product of this is the creation of slums causing low-income families to group together in neglected parts of the city. These people often become trapped in a cycle of poverty that is difficult to escape. As mentioned above, the growth of urban(urban sprawl) areas can also lead to severe traffic congestion because(as the result of) more and more vehicles travel into the city from the suburbs. This has many knock-on effects(a secondary, indirect effect), such as problems with air quality. It also leads many city dwellers to experience mental health issues because travelling across large cities is tiring and stressful.
All of this being said, I don’t believe that urbanisation is a wholly negative development. There are advantages to living in large cities that are well managed. For example, there are more schools which means more educational opportunities. Access to higher-quality health care is often better in cities. Some cities have also introduced ride-sharing, e-bikes and park and ride services that reduce environmental problems.
My opinion is that many of the problems associated with urbanisation are avoidable. but dealing with increasing populations in cities is a formidable(C2: Powerful, Large) challenge. How governments, businesses and society respond to this challenge will dramatically affect the future of our world.
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